Analysis of Trump’s tariff measure
US President Donald Trump signed an executive order this Thursday that establishes taxes on imports from 68 countries and the European Union, marking a new chapter in his protectionist trade policy. The measure, which will take effect on August 7, reflects a calculated strategy to rebalance historic US trade deficits, although experts warn of possible global economic repercussions.
Technical details and geographical scope
According to official documents and statements by a senior government official on condition of anonymity, the rates vary significantly by country: from a base 10% to 39% for Switzerland. Cases such as Taiwan (20%), Pakistan (19%) and a group of nations including Israel and Norway (15%) stand out. Originally, Brazil would face 50%, but the final order reduced it to 10% after prior negotiations.
“The criteria respond to bilateral trade imbalances and regional economic contexts”, explained the government source, highlighting that the figures were adjusted after intense diplomatic conversations. Canada, for example, will see its tariff on fentanyl increased from 25% to 35%, despite recent attempts at dialogue.
Historical context and immediate reactions
This action culminates a process that began in April, when Trump declared tariff “Liberation Day”, generating stock market falls. The 90-day negotiation period—later extended—resulted in fragmented deals, particularly with African and Asian economies. Lesotho, initially threatened with 50%, managed to reduce its rate to 15%.
Economists agree that, although the measure seeks to protect local industries, the costs will eventually fall on American consumers and companies through higher prices. Trump, however, defended the decision: “We have achieved excellent agreements for the country,” he stated without specifying details.
Medium-term implications
The lack of transparency about the exact terms with each nation—the official refused to identify countries with pacts—fuels uncertainty in the markets. Analysts point out that this strategy could weaken historical trade alliances, especially with the EU and Asian partners, while accelerating the search for alternatives to the dollar in international transactions.
The phased implementation schedule seeks to mitigate immediate impacts, but experts warn of risks of coordinated retaliation and possible disputes before the World Trade Organization (WTO).
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