The Vatican and artificial intelligence
The Vatican announced the creation of an internal study group on artificial intelligence (AI) by order of Pope Leo XIV. The decision responds to the acceleration in the use of this technology and its possible effects on humanity, the Holy See reported. The group will seek to integrate human dignity and peace into the global debate.
The announcement occurred one day after the pontiff signed his first encyclical, exactly 135 years after the publication of Rerum Novarum by Pope Leo XIII. That document addressed labor rights during the Industrial Revolution. The current pope believes that AI raises similar existential questions.
“I think the Catholic Church is going to be the adult in the room in some of these debates,” said Meghan Sullivan, a philosophy professor at the University of Notre Dame.
An encyclical in historical context
The encyclical, scheduled for the coming weeks, will place AI within the framework of Catholic social teaching, which encompasses work, justice and peace. This could raise tensions with Donald Trump’s government, which prioritizes the development of AI without strict regulations. Trump concluded a visit to China with businessmen such as Elon Musk and Jensen Huang.
The Vatican seeks to influence international regulation. The United Nations adopted a governance architecture for AI, while the European Union approved its AI Law in 2024. The Holy See has promoted ethical guidelines since 2020 with the Rome Call, signed by Microsoft, IBM and Cisco.
“There are almost 1.5 billion Catholics in the world, so that fact is reason to pay attention,” said Thomas Harmon, professor of theology at the University of St. Thomas.
Pope Francis, Leo’s predecessor, called for an international treaty to regulate AI and ban lethal autonomous weapons. León, who studied mathematics, has warned priests against using AI to write homilies and expressed concern about deepfakes and the impact on the truth.
“What is happening in Ukraine, Gaza and the Palestinian territories illustrates the inhuman evolution of the relationship between war and new technologies,” declared León this week at La Sapienza University.
The Church also warns about the energy consumption of data centers. Their position is clear: technology should complement, not replace, human intelligence.




