An in-depth analysis of the Saguaro Energía project and its implications
Latin America has historically been a region exploited for its natural wealth, from the excessive extraction of resources to its use as a geopolitical scenario. In the 21st century, this pattern persists in new forms, such as the Saguaro Energía megaproject, promoted by the Mexico Pacific company. This plan seeks to establish an energy corridor between the Permian Basin of Texas and the Gulf of California, with the objective of exporting liquefied gas to Asia. However, its environmental and social repercussions are deeply alarming.
Ecological and social impact: worrying figures
The project includes an 800-kilometer gas pipeline and a liquefaction terminal in Puerto Libertad, Sonora, which would occupy an area equivalent to 6,000 soccer fields. According to independent studies, its operation would generate 73 million tons of CO₂ annually, exceeding the combined emissions of Sweden and Portugal. This figure represents more than 10% of Mexico’s total emissions, calling into question the country’s climate commitments.
The Gulf of California, recognized as a Natural Heritage of Humanity, is home to 39% of the planet’s cetaceans and six of the seven species of sea turtles. The installation of industrial infrastructure and the transit of LNG tankers would directly threaten endangered species, such as gray whales that use these waters to reproduce. Furthermore, more than 60% of national fishing production depends on this area, which would compromise the food security of millions of people.
Legal resistance and community mobilization
Faced with this scenario, opposition to the project has been overwhelming. The Security, Energy and Environment Agency (ASEA) has acknowledged five amparo lawsuits that paralyze its progress, while court records reveal at least seven additional lawsuits against Mexico Pacific. Local communities, including fishermen and indigenous groups, lead the “Whales or Gas” campaign, highlighting the incompatibility between economic development and ecological preservation.
This case is not isolated. Other projects such as AMIGO LNG, Vista Pacífico LNG and the Sierra Madre and Corredor Norte gas pipelines seek to consolidate a “death corridor” in northern Mexico. These initiatives, framed as “investment”, violate international treaties such as the Paris Agreement and the Escazú Agreement, which protect environmental and social rights.
A call for coherent climate action
COP30, which will be held in Belém do Pará (Brazil), will be a key stage to redefine Latin America’s role in the energy transition. The region must reject false solutions such as fossil gas, which perpetuate extractivist models. The defense of the Gulf of California is not only an act of conservation, but also a precedent to prevent other territories from continuing to be sacrifice zones.
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Note: This analysis is based on official data, environmental reports and public judicial documents, guaranteeing rigor and transparency in each statement.
