Global military spending reaches unprecedented levels
The budget allocated to defense in 2024 amounted to 2 trillion 718 billion dollars, an increase of 9.4% compared to the previous year, according to data from the Stockholm International Peace Studies Institute (SIPRI). This figure reflects a global trend where countries prioritize war power over diplomatic solutions, marking the highest level since the Cold War.
Main regional actors and dynamics
The United States, China, Russia, Germany and India concentrate 60% of world military spending, with a total of 1 trillion 635 billion dollars. Experts from the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM) analyze this phenomenon, linking it to active conflicts such as those between Ukraine-Russia and Israel-Iran, as well as historical tensions in Sudan and Palestine. Moisés Garduño García, specialist in international relations, warns that these conflicts generate a domino effect: uninvolved nations increase their budgets to contain potential threats.
María Cristina Rosas González, UNAM academic, emphasizes that the world faces a new arms race, driven by the rivalry between the United States and China, as well as the rearrangement of global powers. “Russia has exponentially increased its military spending due to the war in Ukraine, while Europe responds with greater investments in defense,” he explained.
Technology and socioeconomic consequences
Sandra Kanety Zavaleta Hernández, an expert in international security, highlights that this career includes scientific-technological advances, such as drones and artificial intelligence systems, which increase the lethality of conflicts. Garduño García warns about the economic impact: “Military spending reduces investment in social programs, diverting resources towards weapons and armor for conventional wars.”
The SIPRI report reveals that, in addition to traditional powers, countries such as Saudi Arabia, Japan and Brazil have increased their budgets. Zavaleta Hernández emphasizes the paradox: five of the ten nations with the highest military spending are permanent members of the UN Security Council, the entity in charge of guaranteeing global peace.
The case of Mexico and Latin America
In Latin America, Mexico allocates more resources to defense to combat organized crime, placing it in a similar category to Colombia. “The country faces an internal armed conflict due to cartels, but it also militarizes issues such as migration,” said Zavaleta Hernández. Rosas González added that this trend responds to regional dynamics where internal security is prioritized over social development.
What’s next? Experts agree that, without effective dialogue mechanisms, the military escalation will continue. SIPRI projects that, by 2025, global spending could exceed $3 trillion, approaching 1980s levels.
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